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The Raphe Dopamine System Controls the Expression of Incentiv
RV-DsRed virus (From BrainVTA) was used for retrograde monosynaptic tracing. AAV retro was used to drive gene expression specifically in DRN-projecting LPB neurons. hM4Di virus was used to inhibit the synaptic transmission of the neurons.
The viruses used in this article From BrainVTA are in the table below
Tracing Helper  PT-0023 AAV2-EF1a-DIO-RVG-WPRE-pA
RV  R02001 RV-△G-GFP
Pub Date: 2019-03-06, DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.02.009 Email: [email protected]
Rui Lin, Jingwen Liang, Ruiyu Wang, Ting Yan, Youtong Zhou, Yang Liu, Qiru Feng, Fangmiao Sun, Yulong Li, Anan Li, Hui Gong, and Minmin Luo
The brain dopamine (DA) system participates in forming and expressing memory. Despite a well-established role of DA neurons in the ventral tegmental area in memory formation, the exact DA circuits that control memory expression remain unclear. Here, we show that DA neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and their medulla input control the expression of incentive memory. DRN DA neurons are activated by both rewarding and aversive stimuli in a learning-dependent manner and exhibit elevated activity during memory recall. Disrupting their physiological activity or DA synthesis blocks the expression of natural appetitive and aversive memories as well as drug memories associated with opioids. Moreover, a glutamatergic pathway from the lateral parabrachial nucleus to the DRN selectively regulates the expression of reward memories associated with opioids or foods. Our study reveals a specialized DA subsystem important for memory expression and suggests new targets for interventions against opioid addiction.

Fig.1 Using the virus tools to reveal the exact DA circuits that control memory expression
To reveal the exact DA circuits that control memory expression, using whole-brain single-neuron reconstruction, fiber photometry, optogenetics, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated in vivo region-specific knockout, and rabies screening(From BrainVTA), to investigate the behavioral roles of DRN DA neurons in the expression of natural and drug memory,the study pinpoints the essential behavioral functions of the raphe DA system in controlling memory expression and unveils unique circuit mechanisms underlying opioid-associated memory expression.

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